AP Bio Unit 2 Review

Front

What is the function of the Golgi complex in a cell?

Back

The Golgi complex is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other locations in the cell.

Front

What does it mean for a plasma membrane to be selectively permeable?

Back

A selectively permeable membrane regulates the passage of materials in and out of the cell, allowing some substances to pass while blocking others.

Front

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Front

What are hydrophobic fatty acid tails in a lipid bilayer?

Back

Hydrophobic fatty acid tails are non-polar and face each other within the bilayer, creating a region that excludes water.

Front

What is the role of transport proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Transport proteins facilitate the movement of large or charged (polar) molecules across the cell membrane.

Front

Define the term 'osmosis'.

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the difference between hypotonic and hypertonic solutions?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution, while a hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes.

Front

Explain the term 'cell signaling'.

Back

Cell signaling is the process by which cells communicate with each other through chemical signals, allowing them to respond to changes in their environment.

Front

What is the significance of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Back

Cholesterol helps to maintain membrane fluidity and stability, making the membrane less permeable to very small water-soluble molecules that might otherwise pass freely through.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.