AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 1.5: Structure & Function of Macromol

Front

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Back

The primary structure of a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

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What type of bond forms between amino acids?

Back

Peptide bond.

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What is the secondary structure of a protein?

Back

The secondary structure refers to the local folding of the polypeptide chain into structures such as alpha helices and beta sheets, stabilized by hydrogen bonds.

Front

What defines the tertiary structure of a protein?

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The tertiary structure is the overall three-dimensional shape of a protein, determined by interactions between R-groups of amino acids.

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What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

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The quaternary structure is formed when two or more polypeptide chains bond together to form a functional protein.

Front

What is at the 3' end of a nucleic acid?

Back

Hydroxyl group.

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What is the role of the phosphate group in nucleic acids?

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The phosphate group links the 3' carbon of one sugar to the 5' carbon of another sugar, forming the backbone of the nucleic acid.

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What is a glycosidic linkage?

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A glycosidic linkage is a bond that connects two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide or polysaccharide.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

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Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

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What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

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Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds.