STAAR Biology Category 2 Review

Front

What is a dominant trait?

Back

A dominant trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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What is a recessive trait?

Back

A recessive trait is a genetic trait that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present.

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What is the role of DNA in inheritance?

Back

DNA contains the genetic instructions that determine the characteristics that will be inherited by offspring.

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What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

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What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA.

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What is a polypeptide?

Back

A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, which folds into a functional protein.

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What is an amino acid?

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An amino acid is a building block of proteins, consisting of a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a variable side chain.

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What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a type of inheritance where the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

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What is codominance?

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Codominance is a type of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.

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What are multiple alleles?

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Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alleles for a genetic trait within a population.