Unit 4 Protein Synthesis

Front

What molecule carries the anticodon?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries the anticodon, which pairs with the corresponding codon on mRNA during translation.

Front

How do you identify the stop signal in mRNA translation?

Back

You look for a stop codon (UAA, UAG, UGA) on the mRNA strand.

Front

Translate the RNA sequence AUGCAAUGA.

Back

The translation of the RNA sequence AUGCAAUGA results in the amino acids: Met-Glu-Stop.

Front

How many codons are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

One codon is needed to code for one amino acid.

Front

Does the sequence of amino acids in a protein affect its function?

Back

Yes, the order of amino acids in a protein is crucial for its structure and function.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What role does mRNA play in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is the start codon and its significance?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.