Protein Synthesis Exam

Front

Proteins contain ____ different amino acids, whereas DNA and RNA are composed of ___ different nucleotides.

Back

Proteins contain 20 different amino acids, whereas DNA and RNA are composed of 4 different nucleotides.

Front

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____

Back

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called translation.

Front

RNA has what base that is instead of thymine?

Back

RNA has uracil instead of thymine.

Front

How does RNA differ from DNA?

Back

RNA contains uracil and ribose, while DNA contains thymine and deoxyribose.

Front

The base pair rules state that:

Back

A pairs with T, G pairs with C.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What are the three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

The three types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.