Biology Semester 1 Final Review Flashcard

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What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, often initiated when DNA damage cannot be repaired.

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When is apoptosis initiated?

Back

Apoptosis is initiated when DNA damage cannot be repaired.

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What are stem cells?

Back

Stem cells are undifferentiated or unspecialized cells in the body that have the potential to develop into different cell types.

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What do glycerol and fatty acids combine to form?

Back

Glycerol and fatty acids combine to form lipids.

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What is the function of lipids in the body?

Back

Lipids serve as energy storage, structural components of cell membranes, and signaling molecules.

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What are the stages of mitosis?

Back

The stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

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What happens during prophase?

Back

During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

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What happens during metaphase?

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During metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and spindle fibers attach to their centromeres.

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What happens during anaphase?

Back

During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

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What happens during telophase?

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During telophase, the chromosomes de-condense, and the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes.