Bio Review - 2

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is a type of genetic mutation where one nucleotide base is replaced by another in the DNA sequence, potentially altering the resulting protein.

Front

What is the significance of DNA being double-stranded?

Back

The double-stranded structure of DNA provides two copies of the base sequence, which helps protect against mutations and allows for accurate replication.

Front

How can DNA gel electrophoresis be used to determine genetic similarity?

Back

DNA gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size, allowing comparison of genetic material to identify genetically identical individuals.

Front

What is the role of DNA sequencing in evolutionary biology?

Back

DNA sequencing allows scientists to compare genetic material across species, providing insights into evolutionary relationships and history.

Front

What is DNA fingerprinting?

Back

DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on unique patterns in their DNA, often used in forensic science and species identification.

Front

What is the function of hemoglobin in the body?

Back

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and returns carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs.

Front

What is the difference between addition and deletion mutations?

Back

Addition mutations involve the insertion of one or more nucleotides into the DNA sequence, while deletion mutations involve the loss of one or more nucleotides.

Front

What is the importance of comparing DNA sequences in species?

Back

Comparing DNA sequences helps scientists understand genetic similarities and differences, which can reveal evolutionary relationships and species classification.

Front

What are the implications of finding an endangered species?

Back

Identifying an endangered species is crucial for conservation efforts, as it helps protect biodiversity and maintain ecological balance.

Front

What is the role of the backbone in DNA structure?

Back

The backbone of DNA, composed of sugar and phosphate groups, provides structural support and protection for the nucleotide bases.