2021 AP Chemistry 1st Semester....

Front

What is oxidation in a chemical reaction?

Back

Oxidation is the process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in oxidation state.

Front

What is an exothermic reaction?

Back

An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat, resulting in a temperature increase in the surroundings.

Front

What is sp hybridization?

Back

Sp hybridization occurs when one s orbital and one p orbital mix to form two equivalent sp hybrid orbitals, typically seen in linear molecular geometries.

Front

What characterizes a first-order reaction?

Back

A first-order reaction is characterized by a rate that is directly proportional to the concentration of one reactant.

Front

Why is CCl4 a nonpolar molecule despite having polar bonds?

Back

CCl4 is nonpolar because the bond polarities cancel each other out due to its symmetrical tetrahedral shape.

Front

What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Back

A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy without being consumed in the process.

Front

Define the term 'activation energy'.

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

Back

A strong acid completely dissociates in solution, while a weak acid only partially dissociates.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of mass?

Back

The principle of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Front

What is a limiting reactant?

Back

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.