Biology Semester One Final

Front

What are embryonic stem cells?

Back

Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated cells derived from early-stage embryos that can differentiate into any cell type in the body.

Front

What are adult stem cells?

Back

Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found in various tissues that can differentiate into a limited range of cell types, typically related to the tissue they originate from.

Front

What is the main difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?

Back

Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells.

Front

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

Back

The primary function of nucleic acids is to transmit genetic information.

Front

What are the two main types of nucleic acids?

Back

The two main types of nucleic acids are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).

Front

What happens during prophase of mitosis?

Back

During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindle begins to form.

Front

What occurs during metaphase of mitosis?

Back

During metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.

Front

What is anaphase in mitosis?

Back

Anaphase is the stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Front

What happens during telophase of mitosis?

Back

During telophase, two new nuclei form around the separated sets of chromosomes, and the chromosomes begin to de-condense.

Front

Why do stomach cells and skin cells function differently?

Back

Stomach cells and skin cells function differently because they use different genes in the DNA, despite having the same DNA.