6. Plant Nutrition (Photosynthesis & Leaf structure) IGCSE

Front

What are guard cells?

Back

Guard cells are specialized cells that control the opening and closing of stomata, regulating gas exchange in plants.

Front

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles responsible for converting sunlight into energy through the process of photosynthesis.

Front

What is translocation in plants?

Back

Translocation is the movement of sucrose and amino acids from a source (where they are produced) to a sink (where they are used or stored).

Front

What is the role of air spaces in the spongy mesophyll?

Back

The air spaces between the spongy mesophyll allow for gas exchange, facilitating the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Front

What are the main functions of xylem vessels?

Back

Xylem vessels transport water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant and provide structural support.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll, primarily converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Front

What is the significance of stomata in plants?

Back

Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange; they enable the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen.

Front

What is the difference between xylem and phloem?

Back

Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant, while phloem transports sugars and nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Front

What is the function of the cuticle in leaves?

Back

The cuticle is a waxy layer that covers the leaf surface, reducing water loss and protecting against environmental damage.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs sunlight, playing a crucial role in converting light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis.