AP Biology: Unit 1 Review (CED)

Front

What is a monomer of a protein composed of?

Back

A monomer of a protein, known as an amino acid, is composed of an amine group, a carboxyl group, and an R group (side chain). It does NOT contain a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the results of hydrogen bonding in water molecules?

Back

Hydrogen bonding in water molecules results in cohesion, adhesion, and surface tension. It does NOT result in dissolving fats.

Front

In which direction is DNA/RNA synthesized?

Back

DNA/RNA synthesis is directionally oriented such that new nucleotides are added to the 3' hydroxyl end.

Front

Which macromolecule contains phosphorus?

Back

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the macromolecules that contain phosphorus.

Front

What is NOT a component of a nucleic acid monomer?

Back

An amino acid is NOT a component of a nucleic acid monomer. A nucleic acid monomer consists of a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.

Front

Define cohesion in the context of water molecules.

Back

Cohesion is the property of water molecules that allows them to stick to each other due to hydrogen bonding, resulting in surface tension.

Front

Define adhesion in the context of water molecules.

Back

Adhesion is the property of water molecules that allows them to stick to other substances, which is important for processes like capillary action.

Front

What is the role of the R group in amino acids?

Back

The R group, or side chain, in amino acids determines the specific characteristics and properties of each amino acid, influencing protein structure and function.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is composed of a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends in nucleic acids?

Back

The 5' end of a nucleic acid has a phosphate group, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group. This orientation is crucial for the directionality of DNA/RNA synthesis.