Архитектуры дополнительно

Front

What does the clock speed of a CPU determine?

Back

Clock speed indicates how many cycles (or instructions) a CPU can execute per second, measured in hertz (Hz). For example, a 3 GHz CPU can perform 3 billion cycles per second. While higher clock speeds improve performance, actual speed also depends on factors like architecture and the number of cores.

Front

What is the purpose of the cache memory in a CPU?

Back

Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory located within or near the CPU. It stores frequently used instructions and data, reducing access time compared to main memory (RAM). For example, Level 1 (L1) cache is the fastest but smallest, while Level 3 (L3) cache is larger but slower.

Front

Which of the following is a key difference between a 32-bit and 64-bit CPU?

Back

A 32-bit CPU can handle data and memory addresses up to 32 bits, limiting it to 4 GB of RAM. In contrast, a 64-bit CPU can process larger data chunks and address significantly more memory (up to 16 exabytes theoretically). Additionally, 64-bit CPUs are faster for computations requiring large data sets.

Front

Which of the following best describes the Control Unit (CU) of a CPU?

Back

The CU manages the flow of data between the CPU's components and directs the operation of the ALU. It interprets instructions from memory, generates control signals, and ensures the proper sequence of execution, acting as the "orchestra conductor" of the CPU.

Front

Which of the following is a key factor in achieving high performance in a computer system?

Back

Superscalar architecture allows the execution of multiple instructions simultaneously by using multiple execution units. Another approach is data flow architecture, which processes instructions based on data availability rather than a program counter.

Front

Which of the following is an example of a performance-enhancing feature found in modern high-performance processors?

Back

Examples include pipelining, superscalar execution, out-of-order execution, branch prediction, hyper-threading, and SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) instructions, which optimize parallelism and data processing.

Front

Which of the following operations are typically performed in floating-point hardware?

Back

Floating-point hardware handles addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and normalization (adjusting the exponent and mantissa for standard representation).

Front

What is the primary advantage of data flow architecture over traditional control flow architectures?

Back

Data flow architecture eliminates bottlenecks associated with program counters and enables natural parallelism, making it ideal for large-scale computations.

Front

In the DLX processor, what is the purpose of the 'load' and 'store' instructions?

Back

Load: Transfers data from memory to a register. Store: Transfers data from a register to memory.

Front

Which of the following is NOT part of the DLX processor's instruction format?

Back

Complex addressing modes, as the DLX uses simple and consistent formats.