Chemistry Midterm Practice

Front

What is the purpose of the independent variable in an experiment?

Back

The independent variable is the factor that is purposefully manipulated or changed by the experimenter to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Front

How do isotopes of the same element differ?

Back

Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different atomic masses.

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

What is the charge of an atomic nucleus?

Back

The nucleus of an atom is positively charged due to the presence of protons.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.

Front

Which group of elements has the highest electronegativity?

Back

Halogens have the highest electronegativity among the groups of elements.

Front

What is the difference between a control group and an experimental group?

Back

The control group is not exposed to the independent variable and is used as a benchmark to measure the effects of the independent variable on the experimental group.

Front

What does it mean if an atom is dense?

Back

Density in the context of an atom refers to how closely packed the particles (protons and neutrons) are within the nucleus.

Front

What is the significance of the atomic mass number?

Back

The atomic mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus, indicating its mass.

Front

How do you determine the number of valence electrons from an electron configuration?

Back

The number of valence electrons can be determined by identifying the electrons in the outermost shell of the electron configuration.