Biology Fall Final Exam Review

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What happens during differentiation?

Back

During differentiation, only specific sections of DNA are activated to determine the structure and functions of a body cell.

Front

What is one key difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

RNA contains the base Uracil, whereas DNA contains the base Thymine.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

A genotype where one dominant and one recessive allele are present for a trait (e.g., Bb).

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Define DNA.

Back

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.

Front

Define RNA.

Back

RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a molecule that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure, resembling a twisted ladder.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present.