Biology Flashcard

Front

What type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What are the structural differences between DNA and RNA?

Back

1. DNA has A, C, G, T; RNA has A, C, G, U. 2. DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded. 3. DNA uses deoxyribose sugar; RNA uses ribose sugar.

Front

What process occurs when RNA is being translated?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA code.

Front

Which type of RNA carries the transcribed code for a protein?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the transcribed genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is the probability of having 6 daughters in a row?

Back

1/64 (The probability of having a daughter is 1/2, so (1/2)^6 = 1/64).

Front

What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the mRNA code.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides, with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G) paired in the center.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, which then carries the genetic information to the ribosome.