Mutations

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

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What is a Frameshift Mutation?

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A frameshift mutation occurs when a nucleotide base is inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, shifting the entire reading frame and altering the resulting protein.

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What is a Point Mutation?

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A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence, which may affect only one amino acid in the resulting protein.

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What is a Translocation Mutation?

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A translocation mutation occurs when a segment of one chromosome is moved and attached to a non-homologous chromosome.

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What is an Insertion Mutation?

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An insertion mutation is a type of frameshift mutation where one or more nucleotide bases are added to the DNA sequence.

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What is Nondisjunction?

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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis, resulting in gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes.

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What is a Substitution Mutation?

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A substitution mutation is a type of mutation where one nucleotide base is replaced by another, potentially altering one amino acid in the protein.

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What is a Silent Mutation?

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A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not affect the amino acid sequence of the protein.

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What is a Deletion Mutation?

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A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are removed from the DNA sequence, which can lead to a frameshift.

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What is a Chromosomal Mutation?

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A chromosomal mutation involves changes in the structure or number of chromosomes, which can affect many genes.