AP Biology Unit 4 review

Front

What is 'C' labeling in signal transduction?

Back

G protein

Front

Which of the following is NOT a response by the cell from a signal transduction pathway?

Back

All of the above are responses

Front

What triggers the release of glucagon?

Back

Low cellular ATP concentration

Front

What occurs when the ligand binds to the receptor?

Back

Confirmation change in shape of receptor

Front

What are the two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis?

Back

Positive and negative feedback

Front

Define signal transduction pathway.

Back

A series of molecular events and reactions that lead to a cellular response following a signal from outside the cell.

Front

What is the role of adenylyl cyclase in signal transduction?

Back

It converts ATP to cyclic AMP, a secondary messenger.

Front

What is the function of kinases in cellular signaling?

Back

They add phosphate groups to proteins, altering their activity.

Front

Explain the difference between positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

Back

Positive feedback amplifies a response, while negative feedback reduces it to maintain homeostasis.

Front

What is the significance of receptor-ligand binding?

Back

It initiates a cellular response by changing the receptor's shape.