Cell Growth and the Cell Cycle

Front

What is interphase?

Back

Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows, duplicates its organelles, and replicates its DNA.

Front

What happens during the G1 phase of interphase?

Back

During the G1 phase, the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.

Front

What occurs during the S phase of interphase?

Back

During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.

Front

What is the G2 phase of interphase?

Back

The G2 phase is the final stage of interphase where the cell prepares for mitosis by producing proteins and organelles.

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Front

What are sister chromatids?

Back

Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a chromosome, joined together at the centromere, that are formed during DNA replication.

Front

What is the role of the centromere?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

Cytokinesis is the process that follows mitosis, where the cytoplasm of a parental cell divides into two daughter cells.

Front

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Front

What is chromatin?

Back

Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, which condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.