Genetics Exam Review

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What is incomplete dominance?

Back

A genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a new phenotype that is a blend of the two traits.

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What is codominance?

Back

A genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

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What is a Punnett square?

Back

A diagram used to predict the outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment, showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What is the expected phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross?

Back

The expected phenotypic ratio is typically 3:1 for dominant to recessive traits.

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What does it mean if a trait is polygenic?

Back

A trait that is controlled by multiple genes, leading to a wide range of phenotypes.

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What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits.

Front

What is complete dominance?

Back

A form of dominance where the phenotype of the heterozygote is the same as that of the dominant homozygote.

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What is multiple alleles?

Back

A situation where a gene has more than two alleles, leading to multiple possible phenotypes.

Front

What is the expected genotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross?

Back

The expected genotypic ratio is typically 1:2:1 for homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive.

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What is a test cross?

Back

A breeding experiment used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual.