Semester 1 Review

Front

What is a base in chemistry?

Back

A substance that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) or donate electron pairs in reactions. Example: Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is a common base.

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What is potential energy?

Back

The energy possessed by an object due to its position or condition. Example: A passenger at the top of a hill has more potential energy than one at the bottom.

Front

What is velocity?

Back

Velocity is the speed of an object in a specific direction. It is a vector quantity.

Front

How can you determine if one runner started ahead of another using a graph?

Back

Look for a vertical shift in the starting point of the runner's line on the graph. For example, if one line starts higher on the y-axis, that runner started ahead.

Front

How do you calculate average speed?

Back

Average speed is calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time taken. Formula: Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time.

Front

What is the formula for calculating potential energy?

Back

Potential Energy (PE) = mass (m) × gravitational acceleration (g) × height (h).

Front

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Back

Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.

Front

What is a chemical reaction?

Back

A process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Example: Baking soda reacting with vinegar.

Front

What is the significance of a frame of reference in motion?

Back

A frame of reference is a set of criteria or stated values in relation to which measurements or judgments can be made. It is essential for describing motion.

Front

What does a distance-time graph represent?

Back

A distance-time graph shows how distance changes over time. The slope of the line represents speed.