Types of Chemical Reactions

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What is a Decomposition Reaction?

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A chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Example: \(2H_2O \rightarrow 2H_2 + O_2\) (Water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen).

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What is a Single Displacement Reaction?

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A reaction where one element replaces another in a compound. Example: \(Pb + FeSO_4 \rightarrow PbSO_4 + Fe\) (Lead displaces iron from iron(II) sulfate).

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What is a Double Displacement Reaction?

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A reaction where two compounds exchange ions or bonds to form two new compounds. Example: \(2NaBr + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow CaBr_2 + 2NaOH\) (Sodium bromide and calcium hydroxide react to form calcium bromide and sodium hydroxide).

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What is a Combustion Reaction?

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A reaction that occurs when a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light or heat. General formula: \(C_xH_y + O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + H_2O\).

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What is a Synthesis Reaction?

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A reaction where two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex product. Example: \(2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O\) (Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water).

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What is the general formula for a Single Replacement Reaction?

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A + CD \rightarrow C + AD (An element A replaces another element C in a compound CD).

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What is the general formula for a Double Replacement Reaction?

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AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB (Two compounds exchange partners to form two new compounds).

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What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

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A physical change alters the form of a substance but not its chemical composition (e.g., melting ice). A chemical change results in the formation of new substances (e.g., rusting iron).

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What is an example of a Decomposition Reaction?

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An example is the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide: \(2H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + O_2\).

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What is an example of a Synthesis Reaction?

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An example is the synthesis of ammonia: \(N_2 + 3H_2 \rightarrow 2NH_3\).