Semester Review CP #2 Fall 2024

Front

What is the definition of a chemical reaction?

Back

A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another, involving the breaking and forming of bonds between atoms.

Front

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Back

The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction; the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.

Front

Define an element in chemistry.

Back

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, consisting of only one type of atom.

Front

What is a compound?

Back

A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together.

Front

Explain the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond.

Back

An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions. A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is the formula for calculating density?

Back

Density is calculated using the formula: Density = Mass/Volume.

Front

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Back

Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.

Front

Define kinetic energy.

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated using the formula: KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

What is Newton's first law of motion?

Back

Newton's first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force.