AP Psychology Unit 2 - Cognition

Front

What is retinal disparity?

Back

The fact that the right and left eyes see slightly different views of the same object, which helps perceive depth.

Front

What is the Flynn Effect?

Back

The observed rise in IQ scores over time, possibly caused by better nutrition, reduced exposure to toxins, increased schooling, and more educated parents.

Front

What is the sunk-cost fallacy?

Back

The cognitive bias that causes people to continue investing time, money, or effort into something because they’ve already invested too much, even if it’s no longer rational.

Front

Where are kinesthetic receptors (proprioceptors) found?

Back

Muscles, joints, and tendons.

Front

What causes monochromatism in the visual system?

Back

When an individual has only one type of cone pigment functioning or missing, resulting in the perception of colors as shades of gray.

Front

What is the definition of cognition?

Back

The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

Front

What is the role of working memory in cognition?

Back

Working memory is responsible for temporarily holding and processing information needed for complex cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension.

Front

What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?

Back

Explicit memory involves conscious recollection of information, while implicit memory involves unconscious retention of information.

Front

What is the concept of cognitive dissonance?

Back

Cognitive dissonance is the mental discomfort experienced when holding two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or ideas.

Front

What is the function of the hippocampus in memory?

Back

The hippocampus is crucial for the formation of new memories and is involved in learning and emotions.