DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What does helicase do during DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix, separating the two strands to allow replication to occur.

Front

What are nitrogenous bases?

Back

Nitrogenous bases are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). They pair specifically (A with T, C with G) to form the rungs of the DNA ladder.

Front

What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Hydrogen bonds join nitrogenous bases in DNA, allowing the two strands to be held together while still being able to separate during replication.

Front

In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Back

DNA replication occurs during the S phase (Synthesis phase) of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

Back

Ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, sealing the gaps between them to create a continuous DNA strand.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the significance of the antiparallel structure of DNA?

Back

The antiparallel structure of DNA allows for the complementary base pairing and proper functioning of enzymes during replication.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) away from the fork.