Genotypes and Phenotypes in Genetics

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., AA, Aa, aa).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

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Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype even if only one dominant allele is present, while recessive traits are expressed only when two recessive alleles are present.

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What is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?

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An example of a homozygous dominant genotype is 'AA'.

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What is an example of a homozygous recessive genotype?

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An example of a homozygous recessive genotype is 'aa'.

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What is an example of a heterozygous genotype?

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An example of a heterozygous genotype is 'Bb'.

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If an organism has the genotype 'Aa', what is its phenotype?

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The phenotype will display the dominant trait associated with the 'A' allele.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

Can a homozygous individual show a recessive phenotype?

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No, a homozygous individual with a dominant allele will always show the dominant phenotype.