Fall Final review Part 2

Front

What is the role of mRNA in transcription?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is responsible for copying the DNA and bringing it out of the nucleus during transcription.

Front

What type of mutation does not change the protein produced?

Back

A Silent Mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base but still forms the same protein.

Front

What are cell membranes primarily composed of?

Back

Cell membranes are composed of Phospholipid bilayers.

Front

Which molecule is essential for powering Active Transport?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) powers Active Transport.

Front

What is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

Back

CO₂ + light + H₂O → O₂ + Sugar.

Front

Define transcription in the context of genetics.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is a Nonsense Mutation?

Back

A Nonsense Mutation is a type of mutation that creates a premature stop codon in the protein sequence.

Front

Explain the structure of a phospholipid.

Back

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) 'head' and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) 'tails'.

Front

What is the difference between Active Transport and Passive Transport?

Back

Active Transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while Passive Transport does not.