Semester I Final Exam Review

Front

What is the Periodic Table?

Back

A tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by increasing atomic number, where elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Front

What are groups in the Periodic Table?

Back

Vertical columns in the Periodic Table that contain elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What is a dependent variable?

Back

The variable that is measured in an experiment; it is affected by changes in the independent variable.

Front

What is an independent variable?

Back

The variable that is changed or controlled in an experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Front

What type of graph is best for showing the composition of a mixture?

Back

A pie chart, as it visually represents the proportions of different components in a whole.

Front

What are intermolecular forces?

Back

Forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). They determine the physical properties of substances.

Front

What is the strongest type of intermolecular force?

Back

Hydrogen bonding, which occurs between molecules that have hydrogen bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Front

What is London dispersion force?

Back

A weak intermolecular force arising from temporary dipoles in molecules, present in all atoms and molecules.

Front

How do you rank intermolecular forces?

Back

Intermolecular forces can be ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: Hydrogen bonding > Dipole-Dipole > London dispersion.

Front

What is a bar graph used for?

Back

A bar graph is used to compare different groups or categories of data.