Unit 3 Exam Review

Front

What is chemosynthesis?

Back

Chemosynthesis is the conversion of carbon into sugars and nutrients by bacteria in dark places, using hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide, and methane gas as a source of energy, rather than sunlight.

Front

What is a catalyst?

Back

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being used up during the reaction.

Front

What factors increase the rate of a reaction?

Back

Increasing temperature, increasing concentration, and increasing surface area all increase the rate of a reaction.

Front

Which ion is responsible for the properties of bases?

Back

The hydroxide ion (OH-).

Front

What process occurs in the aphotic region of the ocean near hydrothermal vents?

Back

Chemosynthesis by way of small microbes.

Front

Define chemosynthesis.

Back

Chemosynthesis is the process by which certain organisms convert carbon into sugars and nutrients using chemical energy from inorganic molecules.

Front

What role do catalysts play in chemical reactions?

Back

Catalysts speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

List three factors that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction.

Back

1. Increasing temperature 2. Increasing concentration 3. Increasing surface area.

Front

What is the significance of the hydroxide ion in chemistry?

Back

The hydroxide ion is significant because it is responsible for the basic properties of substances.

Front

Where does chemosynthesis primarily occur?

Back

Chemosynthesis primarily occurs in dark environments, such as the deep ocean near hydrothermal vents.