2.4 DNA Test Review

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, which can affect the codon and potentially alter the amino acid produced.

Front

How does a point mutation affect offspring?

Back

A point mutation can cause a genotypic change in the organism, but it may not necessarily cause a phenotypic change in the organism or its offspring.

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that genetic information is passed on during cell division.

Front

How can mutations be carried into future DNA strands?

Back

During DNA replication, the old strands serve as templates, allowing any existing mutations to be copied into the new strands.

Front

What is a base substitution mutation?

Back

A base substitution mutation is a type of mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, potentially altering the resulting protein.

Front

What is the effect of a base substitution mutation on genetic information?

Back

A base substitution mutation can lead to a change in genetic information because the complementary strand is used as a template during replication.

Front

What are the steps of DNA replication?

Back

1. DNA unwinds in the nucleus. 2. Complementary base pairs are added. 3. DNA rewinds back together. 4. Two identical DNA molecules are formed.

Front

What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

Back

RNA molecules are generated from DNA and serve as templates for assembling amino acids into proteins during translation.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures that the correct nucleotides are matched during DNA replication, maintaining the integrity of the genetic code.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.