Ch 13 Review

Front

What is the equilibrium constant (Kp) and how is it calculated?

Back

Kp is a measure of the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a gas-phase reaction, expressed in terms of partial pressures. It is calculated using the formula Kp = (P_products^coefficients)/(P_reactants^coefficients).

Front

What happens to the equilibrium position when the pressure of a system is increased?

Back

Increasing the pressure of a system at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium position towards the side with fewer moles of gas.

Front

How do you determine the effect of volume changes on equilibrium?

Back

Decreasing the volume of a gas system increases pressure, favoring the side with fewer moles of gas. Increasing the volume decreases pressure, favoring the side with more moles of gas.

Front

What is the relationship between Kp and Kc?

Back

Kp and Kc are related by the equation Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn), where Δn is the change in moles of gas (moles of products - moles of reactants).

Front

How do you calculate the equilibrium constant (K) from concentrations?

Back

K is calculated using the formula K = [products]^coefficients / [reactants]^coefficients at equilibrium.

Front

What is the significance of a large K value?

Back

A large K value (>>1) indicates that at equilibrium, the reaction favors the formation of products.

Front

What does a small K value indicate about a reaction?

Back

A small K value (<<1) indicates that at equilibrium, the reaction favors the formation of reactants.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on equilibrium constants?

Back

The value of K changes with temperature; for exothermic reactions, K decreases with increasing temperature, while for endothermic reactions, K increases with increasing temperature.

Front

What is Le Chatelier's Principle?

Back

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a system at equilibrium is disturbed, the system will adjust to counteract the disturbance and restore a new equilibrium.

Front

How do you find K for a reverse reaction?

Back

For a reverse reaction, K' = 1/K, where K is the equilibrium constant for the forward reaction.