324 Cell Membrane and Transport Test

Front

What is the function of a carrier or transport protein in the cell membrane?

Back

Carrier or transport proteins facilitate the movement of substances across the cell membrane, allowing specific molecules to enter or exit the cell.

Front

What role does cholesterol play in the cell membrane?

Back

Cholesterol strengthens and stabilizes the cell membrane, maintaining its fluidity and integrity.

Front

What are the main components of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is primarily composed of lipids (mainly phospholipids), proteins, and carbohydrates.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink or crenate.

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid is a type of lipid molecule that forms the bilayer of the cell membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) 'head' and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) 'tails'.

Front

Define isotonic solution.

Back

An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the inside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is the primary function of proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Proteins in the cell membrane serve various functions, including acting as receptors, enzymes, and transporters.

Front

How do carbohydrates function in the cell membrane?

Back

Carbohydrates on the cell membrane surface play a key role in cell recognition and communication.

Front

What is the fluid mosaic model?

Back

The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the cell membrane as a mosaic of various components (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates) that move fluidly within the layer.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.