Mutations

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome.

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What is a frameshift mutation?

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A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

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What are insertions in the context of mutations?

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Insertions are mutations where one or more nucleotide bases are added to the DNA sequence.

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What are deletions in the context of mutations?

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Deletions are mutations where one or more nucleotide bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide base is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

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What is a duplication mutation?

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A duplication mutation occurs when a segment of a chromosome is copied, resulting in multiple copies of that segment.

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What is a chromosomal mutation?

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A chromosomal mutation involves changes to the structure or number of chromosomes, affecting large segments of DNA.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that encodes for a protein.

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What is a point mutation?

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A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence.

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What is the difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation?

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Gene mutations affect individual genes, while chromosomal mutations affect larger segments of chromosomes.