10.2 Genetics & Punnett Squares

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous?

Back

An organism is homozygous if it has two identical alleles for a particular trait (e.g., AA or aa).

Front

What does it mean if an organism is heterozygous?

Back

An organism is heterozygous if it has two different alleles for a particular trait (e.g., Aa).

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that determine specific traits, such as tall or short plants.

Front

What is the genotype of an organism?

Back

The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., TT, Tt, or tt).

Front

What is the phenotype of an organism?

Back

The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Front

What is the probability of producing a short plant from a Tt x Tt cross?

Back

25%.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in heterozygous conditions, determining the phenotype.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be recessive?

Back

A recessive trait is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present.