2024 Biology Fall Final Exam: Advanced

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the process by which cells move substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is the role of RNA Polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during the process of transcription.

Front

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA, allowing replication to occur.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is a type of genetic mutation where one base pair in the DNA sequence is replaced by another, potentially altering the resulting protein.

Front

What is aerobic cellular respiration?

Back

Aerobic cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process of passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands during DNA replication.

Front

What is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

Back

Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less ATP, while aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more ATP.