DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, allowing genetic information to be passed on during cell division.

Front

What are the main steps of DNA replication?

Back

The main steps of DNA replication are: 1) Initiation, 2) Elongation, 3) Termination.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

Back

The enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix is called helicase.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

How do nitrogenous bases pair in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

Where in the cell is DNA primarily located?

Back

DNA is primarily located in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is the significance of the leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments called Okazaki fragments due to the antiparallel nature of DNA.

Front

What is a replication fork?

Back

A replication fork is the area where the DNA double helix is unwound and separated into two single strands during replication.