Genetics Interim Review

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What is a dominant trait in genetics?

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A dominant trait is a genetic characteristic that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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What is a recessive trait in genetics?

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A recessive trait is a genetic characteristic that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present.

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What does genotype refer to?

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Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it carries for a particular trait.

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What does phenotype refer to?

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Phenotype refers to the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

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What is the expected phenotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross?

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The expected phenotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross is typically 3:1 for dominant to recessive traits.

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What is the expected genotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross?

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The expected genotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross is 1:2:1 for homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive genotypes.

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What is the significance of the letter 'G' in genetics?

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The letter 'G' often represents a dominant allele in genetic notation.

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What is the significance of the letter 'g' in genetics?

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The letter 'g' often represents a recessive allele in genetic notation.

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What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous?

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An organism is homozygous when it has two identical alleles for a particular trait.