AP Biology (Midterm - Winter '24)

Front

What makes amino acids different from each other?

Back

Different R-groups.

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A type of lipid that is a major component of cell membranes, consisting of two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone.

Front

Which macromolecule contains the most energy?

Back

Lipids contain the most energy compared to proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.

Front

Which element is NOT one of the six elements that make up 96% of living matter?

Back

Sodium.

Front

What is a carboxyl group?

Back

A functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group (-COOH).

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

Back

To provide energy and structural support in cells.

Front

What is the structure of a saturated fat?

Back

A saturated fat has no double bonds between carbon atoms, resulting in a straight chain.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.