Ecology Review

A grassland food chain includes grasses → grasshoppers → frogs → hawks. If disease kills most of the grasshoppers and no other food sources are available, what will most likely happen?

• Frog and hawk populations will both decrease.

• Frog populations will increase, but hawk populations will decrease.

• Hawk populations will increase, but frog populations will decrease.

• Both frog and hawk populations will increase.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Food chain diagram: phytoplankton → small fish → large fish → seals. If overfishing reduces the small fish population, what is the most likely result?

• More food will be available for seals.

• Phytoplankton populations will decrease.

• Large fish populations will decrease.

• Large fish will switch back to eating seals.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

In this aquatic food chain, which organism is a producer? algae → zooplankton → minnows → herons

• algae

• zooplankton

• minnows

• herons

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Food web diagram includes: raccoon, berries, fish, insects. Which organism is an omnivore?

• berries

• raccoon

• fish

• insects

What is the original source of energy for almost all ecosystems?

• nitrogen

• sunlight

• glucose

• heat from Earth’s interior

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Why is only 10% of energy passed to the next trophic level?

• Most energy is used for life functions.

• Energy is stored in bones.

• Energy is destroyed during metabolism.

• Energy disappears from the ecosystem completely.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Predator-prey graph: foxes and rabbits rise and fall in cycles. What does the graph show about their relationship?

• Both populations influence each other.

• Only foxes influence the population size.

• Only rabbits influence the population size.

• Neither population affects the other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which trophic level receives the least energy?

• producers

• primary consumers

• secondary consumers

• tertiary consumers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In a meadow ecosystem, which organism is a primary consumer?

• hawk

• snake

• grasshopper

• oak tree

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which process moves carbon through ecosystems?

• evaporation

• respiration

• nitrogen fixation

• sedimentation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3