PREAP REVIEW

Front

What is a nonpolar molecule?

Back

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that has an even distribution of electrical charge, meaning it does not have distinct positive or negative poles. This often occurs when the molecule has symmetrical geometry and identical atoms or when the dipoles cancel each other out.

Front

What are London dispersion forces?

Back

London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules due to the movement of electrons. They are present in all molecules, but are the only type of intermolecular force in nonpolar molecules.

Front

What is the significance of molecular geometry in determining polarity?

Back

Molecular geometry affects the distribution of charge within a molecule. If the geometry is symmetrical, the dipoles may cancel out, resulting in a nonpolar molecule. If the geometry is asymmetrical, the dipoles do not cancel, leading to a polar molecule.

Front

What is an ionic compound?

Back

An ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding. Typically, it forms between metals and nonmetals.

Front

Which elements are most likely to form ionic bonds?

Back

Elements that have a significant difference in electronegativity, typically a metal and a nonmetal, are most likely to form ionic bonds. For example, barium and chlorine.

Front

What is a particle diagram?

Back

A particle diagram is a visual representation of the arrangement and types of particles (atoms or molecules) in a sample of matter, used to illustrate the composition and structure of substances.

Front

What happens when two immiscible liquids are mixed?

Back

When two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, are mixed, they do not form a homogeneous mixture and will separate into distinct layers due to differences in density and polarity.

Front

What is a Lewis diagram?

Back

A Lewis diagram is a representation of a molecule that shows the arrangement of valence electrons among the atoms in the molecule, helping to visualize bonding and lone pairs.

Front

What is the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.

Front

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Back

A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond together in a fixed ratio, while a mixture is a combination of two or more substances that retain their individual properties and can be separated physically.