Molecular Genetics

Front

What is the process of transcription in molecular genetics?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into mRNA. This occurs in the nucleus of the cell.

Front

What are the three main components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of three parts: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Back

Uracil is the nitrogenous base found in RNA that replaces thymine, which is present in DNA.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

How does the DNA sequence GCTATA transcribe to mRNA?

Back

The DNA sequence GCTATA transcribes to mRNA as CGAUAU.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

What is the significance of the promoter region in DNA?

Back

The promoter region is a sequence of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene.