Molecular Genetics Part B

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome for synthesis into proteins.

Front

What is the process of creating new molecules called?

Back

Synthesis is the process of assembling new molecules, similar to how polymers are formed.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, occurring in the nucleus.

Front

Where does mRNA go after leaving the nucleus?

Back

mRNA travels to a ribosome in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.

Front

What is translation in the context of molecular genetics?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making RNA from DNA, while translation is the process of making proteins from RNA.

Front

What are ribosomes made of?

Back

Ribosomes are made of rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and proteins.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that determines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is translated into amino acids.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.