AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.3*: Environmental Impacts on Enzymes

Front

What is enzyme denaturation?

Back

Enzyme denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure due to external factors like heat or pH changes, leading to a loss of function.

Front

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Back

An increase in temperature generally increases enzyme activity up to a certain point, after which high temperatures can lead to denaturation.

Front

What happens to enzyme activity at extreme pH levels?

Back

Extreme pH levels can lead to denaturation of enzymes, causing them to lose their functional shape and activity.

Front

What is the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity?

Back

As substrate concentration increases, enzyme activity increases until the enzyme becomes saturated, after which the reaction rate levels off.

Front

Define optimal pH for enzymes.

Back

Optimal pH is the specific pH level at which an enzyme functions most effectively.

Front

What is the role of hydrogen ions in enzyme activity?

Back

Hydrogen ions (H+) influence the charge and shape of enzymes, affecting their activity and stability.

Front

Explain the term 'enzyme saturation'.

Back

Enzyme saturation occurs when all active sites of the enzyme molecules are occupied by substrate, leading to a maximum reaction rate.

Front

What is the relationship between product concentration and reaction rate?

Back

As product concentration increases, the reaction rate typically decreases due to feedback inhibition.

Front

How does an increase in temperature affect hydrogen ion concentration?

Back

An increase in temperature can lead to changes in hydrogen ion concentration, potentially affecting enzyme activity.

Front

What is feedback inhibition in enzymatic reactions?

Back

Feedback inhibition is a regulatory mechanism where the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme involved in its production.