Honors Genetics Unit

Front

What is a karyotype?

Back

A karyotype is a visual representation of an individual's chromosomes, arranged in pairs and organized by size and shape, used to identify genetic defects or abnormalities.

Front

What does it mean if an individual has Down's Syndrome?

Back

Down's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, leading to developmental and physical challenges.

Front

What are homologous chromosomes?

Back

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism, one inherited from each parent, that have the same genes at the same loci but may have different alleles.

Front

What is the outcome of mitosis?

Back

Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.

Front

What is the purpose of selective breeding?

Back

The purpose of selective breeding is to produce organisms with desirable traits by choosing specific parents to mate.

Front

Where are anti-codons located?

Back

Anti-codons are located on tRNA (transfer RNA), which helps in the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, while heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for that gene.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, consisting of the alleles inherited from both parents.

Front

What is the significance of the Punnett square?

Back

The Punnett square is a tool used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.