Observations and Inferences

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What is an observation?

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An observation is a statement based on what you see, hear, or measure. It is factual and can be verified.

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What is an inference?

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An inference is a conclusion or interpretation made based on observations and prior knowledge. It goes beyond the facts.

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Example of an observation:

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The sky is blue.

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Example of an inference:

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It might rain because the sky is cloudy.

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What is the difference between observation and inference?

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Observation is about what is directly perceived, while inference is about what is concluded from those perceptions.

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Why are observations important in science?

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Observations are crucial in science as they provide the data needed to form hypotheses and conduct experiments.

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What can you infer if you see a person shivering?

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You can infer that the person is cold.

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What is a qualitative observation?

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A qualitative observation describes qualities or characteristics, such as color, shape, or texture.

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What is a quantitative observation?

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A quantitative observation involves measurements and numbers, such as height, weight, or temperature.

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How can observations lead to inferences?

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Observations provide the evidence needed to make logical conclusions or inferences about a situation.