AP Bio CELL TRANSPORT

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of a cell, causing water to enter the cell, potentially leading to swelling or bursting.

Front

What is pinocytosis?

Back

Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis where a cell engulfs liquid from the surrounding environment, often referred to as 'cell drinking'.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink or crenate.

Front

What are gap junctions?

Back

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that allow for the direct transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells, crucial for communication in heart cells.

Front

What are aquaporins?

Back

Aquaporins are channel proteins that facilitate the rapid transport of water across cell membranes.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient.

Front

What are tight junctions?

Back

Tight junctions are connections between cells that prevent the passage of molecules and ions through the space between cells, maintaining the integrity of epithelial layers.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances across the plasma membrane without the use of energy.

Front

What is the role of sodium-potassium pumps?

Back

Sodium-potassium pumps are active transport mechanisms that move sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis.