Biotechnology and Genetics

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Biotechnology

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The use of biology to develop new products, methods and organisms intended to improve human health and society.

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Transgenic

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An organism with genes from a different organism put into its genome through recombinant DNA techniques.

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Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

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Plant, animal or microbe in which one or more changes have been made to the genome.

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Ethics

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A system of accepted beliefs that control behavior.

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Recombinant DNA

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Molecules of DNA from different species are inserted into a host organism using a plasmid to produce new genetic combinations.

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Clones

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Organisms that come from the same cell and are genetically identical to one another.

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Biological Resistance

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The ability of an organism to infection, or avoid adverse abiotic factors. For example, some organisms have natural immunity to certain diseases.

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Plasmid

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A circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is capable of independent replication. It usually occurs in bacteria.

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Gene Therapy

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The insertion of genes into an individual's cells and tissues to treat a disease, hereditary diseases in particular.

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Genome

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The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.