Complex, Pedigrees, and Mutations

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors, used to analyze the inheritance of traits.

Front

Define dominant trait.

Back

A dominant trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in a person who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait.

Front

Define recessive trait.

Back

A recessive trait is a genetic trait that must be present in two copies (homozygous) to be expressed in the phenotype.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a new phenotype that is a blend of the two.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in phenotype and can be caused by various factors including environmental influences.

Front

What is an inversion mutation?

Back

An inversion mutation occurs when a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to end.

Front

What is a translocation mutation?

Back

A translocation mutation occurs when a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another, either within the same chromosome or to a different chromosome.

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide base pair in the DNA sequence.

Front

How do you calculate the expected genotypic ratio from a monohybrid cross?

Back

To calculate the expected genotypic ratio from a monohybrid cross, use a Punnett square to determine the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is the expected phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross?

Back

The expected phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross is typically 9:3:3:1.