AP - Cell Communication

Front

What is a receptor in cell communication?

Back

A receptor is a protein molecule on the surface of a cell that binds to specific ligands (such as hormones or neurotransmitters) to initiate a cellular response.

Front

What is a ligand?

Back

A ligand is a molecule that binds to a receptor to form a complex that triggers a biological response.

Front

What is an inhibitor in the context of cell signaling?

Back

An inhibitor is a substance that blocks or dampens the activity of a receptor or enzyme, preventing the normal biological response.

Front

What is paracrine signaling?

Back

Paracrine signaling is a form of cell communication where a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells.

Front

What is autocrine signaling?

Back

Autocrine signaling is a type of cell signaling where a cell secretes a hormone or chemical messenger that binds to receptors on its own surface, affecting its own activity.

Front

What is synaptic signaling?

Back

Synaptic signaling is a form of communication between neurons where neurotransmitters are released from one neuron and bind to receptors on another neuron.

Front

What is endocrine signaling?

Back

Endocrine signaling involves the release of hormones into the bloodstream, allowing them to travel long distances to target organs or cells.

Front

What role do neurotransmitters play in cell communication?

Back

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another, facilitating communication in the nervous system.

Front

What is the difference between direct intracellular signaling and contact-dependent signaling?

Back

Direct intracellular signaling occurs when signaling molecules pass through gap junctions between adjacent cells, while contact-dependent signaling requires direct contact between the signaling and target cells.

Front

What is the significance of receptor-ligand binding?

Back

Receptor-ligand binding is crucial for initiating cellular responses, as it triggers a cascade of events that lead to changes in cell function.