Quarter 2 Review

Front

What type of rock makes most of the Hawaiian Islands?

Back

igneous

Answer explanation

The Hawaiian Islands are primarily formed from volcanic activity, which produces igneous rock. This type of rock is created from the cooling and solidification of magma, making igneous the correct answer.

Front

What property of rocks is compared when one rock scratches another?

Back

hardness

Answer explanation

Tia's action of scratching one rock with another tests their hardness. The hardness property determines how resistant a material is to being scratched, making it the correct choice in this comparison.

Front

What is the relationship between rocks and minerals?

Back

Minerals make up rocks.

Answer explanation

Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. Each rock is composed of one or more minerals, making the correct relationship that minerals make up rocks.

Front

Why is metamorphic a good name for metamorphic rock?

Back

Metamorphic describes how rocks change into a new type of rock.

Answer explanation

Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks change due to heat and pressure, resulting in a new type of rock. This aligns with the meaning of 'morph,' indicating a transformation, making 'metamorphic' an appropriate name.

Front

Jillian and Jack observe many different colors and shapes in their rock collection. One rock has a variety of different colors, including brown, white, black, and gray. What conclusion can be made about this rock?

Back

The rock is made from several minerals.

Answer explanation

The presence of multiple colors in the rock indicates it is composed of several minerals, as different minerals can contribute various colors. This supports the conclusion that the rock is made from several minerals.

Front

Classification of a rock made of fine particles arranged in layers: igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary

Back

sedimentary

Answer explanation

The rock's fine particles arranged in layers indicate it is sedimentary. Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation of sediments, while igneous and metamorphic rocks have different formation processes.

Front

What does the moving air cause in Alberto's model of dunes?

Back

the erosion and deposition of sand

Answer explanation

The moving air from the fan simulates wind, which causes both erosion (removal of sand) and deposition (placement of sand in new locations), making "the erosion and deposition of sand" the correct choice.

Front

What does the shininess show about pyrite?

Back

luster

Answer explanation

The shininess of pyrite indicates its luster, which describes how light interacts with the surface of the mineral. Luster is a key property used to identify minerals.

Front

What is the most likely cause of changes to a limestone statue on a beach, such as tiny holes and smoothed-out features?

Back

wind

Answer explanation

The tiny holes and smoothed-out features of the limestone statue are most likely caused by wind erosion. Wind can carry abrasive particles that wear down surfaces over time, leading to the observed changes.

Front

How are oil and natural gas classified as fuels?

Back

nonrenewable

Answer explanation

Oil and natural gas are fossil fuels formed from ancient organic matter. They are classified as nonrenewable because they cannot be replenished on a human timescale, unlike renewable energy sources such as solar or wind.