Networking Concepts and Protocols

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Application Layer

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The seventh layer of the OSI model, responsible for end-user applications and network interactions. Example: HTTP.

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Bandwidth

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The maximum rate of data transfer across a network connection, often measured in bits per second (bps).

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Bluetooth (802.15.1)

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A short-range wireless communication standard typically used for peripheral devices, operating at 2.4 GHz.

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Compression

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The process of reducing the size of data by removing redundancy to save storage and bandwidth.

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Data Link Layer

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The second layer of the OSI model, responsible for transmitting data between two directly connected nodes, includes MAC addressing.

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Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks

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A type of attack designed to flood a server or network with traffic to prevent legitimate users from accessing the service.

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Encryption

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The process of converting data into a coded format to protect its confidentiality from unauthorized access.

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Ethernet (802.3)

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A standard for wired local area networks (LANs) using technologies like coax, twisted-pair copper and optical fiber media.

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Extranet

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A private network that allows controlled access to external clients without granting them the full access of a VPN.

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Flow Control

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Mechanisms that regulate the rate of data transmission between nodes to prevent congestion and data loss.